Statistical data indicate that the success rate of implant integration in modern dentistry has reached 98%. Osseointegration is the process of forming a direct contact between the surface of the implant and the bone tissue without the formation of an intervening connective tissue layer. Despite the rapid development of implantology, about 2% of patients still face a situation in which a dental implant does not integrate successfully. It is important to note that this situation is not a final verdict, but rather a task for the physician, which can be resolved through a systematic approach and a clear treatment protocol.
What complications dental implantation may cause and how to act if the titanium post has not integrated will be discussed together with the leading specialists of the company.
Briefly About How a Dental Implant Is Placed
Dental implantation is a multi-stage process that involves surgical intervention. First, a titanium post — the root of the future tooth — is placed into the jawbone. Titanium is a bioinert material that is not perceived by the body as foreign. On average, it takes from 3 to 6 months for the root to integrate. However, everything depends on individual characteristics and the complexity of the procedure. This period is crucial, as it is during this time that the foundation for the future crown is formed.
Symptoms: What Is Normal During Integration?
The body reacts immediately to any intervention. Swelling after implantation is normal: as a rule, it increases on the 2nd–3rd day and then gradually subsides. Moderate pain sensations are also normal and are relieved by analgesics prescribed by the physician. A slight increase in general body temperature or a local sensation of warmth in the area of the procedure is also acceptable.
A consultation with an implantologist is required if the swelling does not subside even after a week, if the pain does not decrease and becomes pulsating. Concern should also be caused by mobility of the structure or the appearance of an unpleasant odor from the mouth. In any case, one should not delay contacting the clinic.
Reasons Why an Implant May Fail to Integrate
Dentists divide all causes into three main groups:
- Individual characteristics of the body, including hidden conditions such as uncompensated diabetes mellitus, may impair immune function or reduce bone density.
- Incorrect planning of the procedure without taking into account the volume of bone tissue leads to the wrong choice of the implant system. That is why primary diagnostics and computed tomography are so important.
- Post-implantation care recommended by the physician is an integral part of successful integration — insufficient oral hygiene or loading the implant before it has fully integrated may cause inflammation of the surrounding tissues.
Risk factors also include smoking, osteoporosis, the use of certain medications, as well as overheating of the bone tissue during preparation of the implant site.
Proper Care After Implantation
The main rule of the postoperative period is proper oral hygiene. It is important to use soft toothbrushes, special antiseptic baths without active rinsing, and to maintain a healthy lifestyle by refraining from smoking and visiting saunas. The rehabilitation period requires a maximally gentle and careful approach to one’s health.
Rejection Has Still Occurred: What Should Be Done?
Most importantly: do not panic. If the implantologist confirms that the titanium root has failed to integrate, the implant is removed. The procedure is painless and is performed under anesthesia. After that, cleaning and elimination of the inflammatory focus are carried out. Depending on the situation, sinus lifting (bone grafting) may be performed. Over a period of 3–4 months, the bone tissue recovers, and in most cases, a repeated, successful implantation is carried out.
In most cases, after 3–4 months, once the bone tissue has recovered, a repeated successful implantation can be performed. In certain clinical situations, the decision regarding repeated placement may be made on an individual basis.
It is important to understand that successful restoration of the dental arch is the result of teamwork between the physician and the patient. Thorough preparation and consideration of all possible risks help minimize complications and allow all stages of treatment to be completed safely and successfully.
