When a tooth cannot be restored and must be removed to prevent complications, sometimes issues arise after the procedure. At the site of the extracted tooth, dry socket syndrome can occur — the normal wound healing process does not take place.
After extraction, the wound usually bleeds for a few minutes until a blood clot forms. Its main function is to protect against infection. In 2–5% of patients, the clot either does not form at all or is dislodged. The nerve endings remain exposed, causing severe pain and the potential development of bone tissue complications.
Causes of Dry Socket
Dentists cannot pinpoint a single cause for the syndrome. Dry socket can occur immediately after tooth extraction or later if the blood clot is washed away due to heavy drinking, rinsing, or severe bleeding. It is important to monitor your condition after the procedure, as complications cannot always be predicted.
Factors that may increase the risk of dry socket include:
- Wisdom tooth extraction;
- Harmful habits such as smoking or alcohol consumption;
- Use of hormonal medications;
- Inflammation of the oral cavity or gums;
- Failure to follow the dentist’s post-operative care instructions;
- Older age;
- Previous history of dry socket;
- Low immunity;
- Blood clotting disorders.
Do not touch, rinse, or brush the extraction site for at least a few hours.
Symptoms of Dry Socket
Symptoms gradually increase in intensity; discomfort can start within 3 hours and become severe within a few days.
Patients may experience:
- Increasing pain at the extraction site, which may radiate to the ear, neck, or across the face;
- Unpleasant odor and taste in the mouth;
- Food particles getting stuck in the socket;
- Fever and general fatigue;
- Swelling of the cheek;
- Enlarged lymph nodes.
Anyone experiencing these symptoms should seek immediate consultation and treatment. Do not attempt self-treatment, as delaying professional care can worsen inflammation.
Treatment
The final diagnosis is made after a dental examination. Treatment involves a combination of in-office procedures and at-home care.
The dentist will carefully treat the socket:
- Surgically if necessary;
- Rinse and clean using antiseptics;
- Apply a medicated dressing with anti-inflammatory properties.
If dry socket occurs, treatment may require several visits to reduce inflammation.
Follow all the specialist’s recommendations:
- Adhere to the prescribed medication schedule;
- Avoid hard and hot foods, as well as carbonated drinks;
- Do not rinse your mouth;
- Delay brushing the teeth for a few days.
Proper at-home care helps speed up recovery.
